Montana Salary Data 2026

Montana is home to 129 incorporated cities and towns, distributed across 56 counties and 3 metropolitan statistical areas. These municipalities range from major urban centers with populations exceeding hundreds of thousands to small communities with fewer than 1,000 residents. The state cities serve as the backbone of local governance, providing essential services including public safety, infrastructure maintenance, and community development to millions of residents across the state.

Of the 129 incorporated cities, a significant proportion are located within or adjacent to metropolitan statistical areas, where economic activity and population growth are most concentrated. The largest metropolitan area, centered on Billings, contains numerous incorporated cities and serves as the primary economic engine for the state. Helena, the state capital, functions as both a political center and a significant employment hub, with government operations driving a substantial portion of the local economy.

From a salary and career perspective, city-level data reveals meaningful differences in compensation across Montana. Workers in the largest metropolitan areas typically earn the highest median wages, reflecting the concentration of major employers in industries such as Agriculture, Tourism, Mining/Energy. The state's cost of living is 4% Below Average, which directly impacts the real purchasing power of wages earned by workers throughout the state.. Smaller cities and rural communities tend to offer lower nominal wages but often feature significantly lower costs of living, creating competitive purchasing power for residents. Understanding city-level salary data is essential for job seekers evaluating opportunities across Montana.

Montana is divided into 56 counties, each serving as a fundamental unit of local government responsible for public services including road maintenance, law enforcement, property assessment, health departments, and social services. These geographic divisions reflect the state historical development patterns and population distribution, with some counties containing major urban centers while others cover vast rural expanses with sparse population. The diversity in county size and character contributes significantly to the variation in economic conditions and salary levels across the state.

The most populous county in Montana is typically the one containing or adjacent to the largest metropolitan area, where the concentration of employers in sectors like Agriculture, Tourism, Mining/Energy. The state's cost of living is 4% Below Average, which directly impacts the real purchasing power of wages earned by workers throughout the state. drives higher median incomes and more competitive compensation packages. However, population alone does not determine prosperity. Several suburban counties surrounding major cities often boast the highest median household incomes, benefiting from residents who work in urban centers but enjoy lower-density living with access to quality schools and public services.

From a salary perspective, county-level analysis reveals significant variations within Montana. Counties anchored by major universities, medical centers, or corporate headquarters tend to offer the highest median wages. Agricultural counties and those dependent on single industries may show lower median incomes but often feature lower costs of living that partially offset the nominal wage gap. Remote work trends have begun to reshape county-level economics, as workers in high-cost areas relocate to lower-cost counties while maintaining their salaries, creating new economic dynamics in previously quiet communities.

Montana contains 3 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) as defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget. These metro areas represent regions with a core urban center of at least 50,000 residents and economically integrated surrounding communities. Together, Montana metro areas account for the vast majority of the state total population and generate the overwhelming share of its economic output, making them the primary drivers of salary levels and career opportunities.

The Billings metropolitan area stands out as Montana economic powerhouse, offering the highest median salary of approximately $54,200. This region benefits from a concentration of employers in key industries including Agriculture, Tourism, Mining/Energy. The state's cost of living is 4% Below Average, which directly impacts the real purchasing power of wages earned by workers throughout the state., creating a robust job market with opportunities across experience levels and occupational categories. The diversity of employers in this metro area, ranging from large corporations and healthcare systems to technology startups and government agencies, provides workers with multiple career paths and competitive compensation.

Smaller metropolitan areas in Montana offer their own distinct economic advantages. While nominal salaries may be lower than in the largest metro area, these regions typically feature significantly lower costs of housing, transportation, and daily expenses. For many professionals, the combination of a lower cost of living with a solid salary creates a higher quality of life than would be possible in more expensive cities. Understanding metro-level salary data is essential for making informed career and relocation decisions within Montana.

The cost of living in Montana is 4% Below Average compared to the national average, which has a significant impact on the real purchasing power of salaries earned throughout the state. This cost differential affects every major expense category from housing and groceries to healthcare and transportation, and it fundamentally changes how workers should evaluate job offers and salary comparisons. A thorough understanding of Montana cost of living is essential for accurate financial planning and career decision-making.

Housing costs represent the largest single component of cost-of-living variation between Montana and other states. The median home price in Montana is approximately $385,000, compared to the national median of $420,000. Rental costs follow a similar pattern, with the average two-bedroom apartment renting for approximately $1,400 per month statewide. Within the state, housing costs vary dramatically between metropolitan areas, with the most expensive cities costing two to three times more than the most affordable ones.

When you combine Montana cost of living with the state median salary of approximately $56,400, the effective purchasing power tells a nuanced story. Workers in lower-cost areas of the state may find that their salaries provide comparable or superior purchasing power to workers earning nominally higher wages in more expensive states. For professionals considering relocation or evaluating job offers, factoring in cost-of-living differences is essential for making accurate comparisons between Montana and other states.

The minimum wage in Montana is set at $10, which represents the baseline compensation that employers must provide to covered workers. This rate serves as the floor for wages across the state, though actual compensation for the vast majority of workers exceeds this minimum due to market forces, skill requirements, and the competitive dynamics of local labor markets. Understanding the minimum wage context helps workers assess whether their compensation is competitive and employers benchmark their pay structures.

In practice, the effective minimum compensation for most Montana workers is considerably higher than the statutory minimum. Major employers in high-demand sectors such as Agriculture, Tourism, Mining/Energy. The state's cost of living is 4% Below Average, which directly impacts the real purchasing power of wages earned by workers throughout the state. typically offer starting wages well above the minimum wage. Healthcare systems, technology companies, and manufacturing employers often set entry-level pay at $14 to $20 per hour or more, reflecting the need to attract qualified workers in a competitive labor market. Even retail and hospitality employers in Montana larger cities commonly offer starting wages above the minimum.

The concept of a living wage in Montana provides more relevant context for understanding actual compensation needs. A living wage represents the income necessary to cover basic expenses including housing, food, healthcare, transportation, and taxes. For a single adult in Montana, the living wage typically ranges from $15 to $20 per hour depending on the local cost of living, while a single adult with one child generally needs $25 to $35 per hour. These figures highlight the gap between the statutory minimum wage and the income needed for financial security in Montana.

Montana levies a state income tax of 1-5.9% on residents taxable income, which directly affects take-home pay for workers at all income levels. The income tax structure impacts how far your salary goes after taxes, making it a critical factor in evaluating job offers and comparing compensation between states. Workers considering opportunities in Montana should factor the state tax burden into their overall compensation analysis alongside salary and cost of living.

In addition to income tax, Montana imposes sales taxes on retail purchases that further affect the overall tax burden. The combined effect of income tax, sales tax, property tax, and other levies determines the total tax environment that residents experience. Some states with higher income taxes offset this with lower property or sales taxes, while others with low or no income tax may have higher consumption taxes. The key for workers is understanding the total tax picture rather than focusing on any single tax type.

One of Montana notable tax features is its property tax rate of 0.64%, which compares favorably to the national average of 1.1%. This relatively low property tax rate reduces the ongoing cost of homeownership and can make a meaningful difference in monthly housing expenses for residents. For a typical home in Montana, annual property taxes are significantly lower than in many other states, which is an important consideration for homeowners and factors into the overall affordability of living in the state.

Montana economy is supported by a diverse mix of major employers spanning multiple industries including Agriculture, Tourism, Mining/Energy. The state's cost of living is 4% Below Average, which directly impacts the real purchasing power of wages earned by workers throughout the state.. These organizations collectively employ hundreds of thousands of workers and serve as the primary drivers of the state economic output. Understanding who the major employers are and what they pay is invaluable for job seekers, as these organizations tend to offer the most competitive compensation packages, comprehensive benefits, and long-term career advancement opportunities.

The largest employers in Montana range from major healthcare systems and educational institutions to technology companies, government agencies, and manufacturing firms. Healthcare consistently ranks among the largest employment sectors, with major hospital systems and medical centers employing thousands of clinical and administrative professionals. Education institutions, including both K-12 school districts and universities, represent another major employment category that provides stable, benefits-rich career opportunities.

The presence of major national and international corporations in Montana creates additional high-paying opportunities, particularly for professionals with specialized skills in technology, finance, engineering, and management. These employers compete for talent by offering premium salaries, signing bonuses, and comprehensive benefits packages. For job seekers targeting the highest-paying positions in Montana, focusing on industries and employers that are expanding or facing talent shortages provides the best opportunity for maximizing compensation.

Montana median annual salary of approximately $56,400 falls below the national median of $59,880. However, this raw comparison requires context through the lens of cost of living, which significantly reduces the apparent gap. When adjusted for Montana cost of living, the effective purchasing power of the median salary becomes more competitive than the nominal figure suggests, making the state an attractive option for workers who prioritize financial quality of life.

The salary landscape in Montana is shaped by its dominant industries: Agriculture, Tourism, Mining/Energy. The state's cost of living is 4% Below Average, which directly impacts the real purchasing power of wages earned by workers throughout the state.. Each of these sectors creates distinct wage ceilings and floors, with specialized roles in high-demand fields commanding premium compensation that often meets or exceeds national averages for comparable positions. Workers with advanced degrees, professional certifications, or in-demand technical skills can expect to earn significantly more than the state median, particularly in metropolitan areas where competition for talent is strongest.

For professionals evaluating relocation to or from Montana, the most useful comparison accounts for both nominal salary differences and cost-of-living adjustments. A salary that appears lower than a comparable position in a higher-cost state may actually deliver superior purchasing power after adjusting for housing costs, taxes, and daily expenses. This is particularly relevant for workers in remote-eligible roles who can earn competitive salaries while benefiting from Montana cost advantages.

The housing market in Montana features a median home price of approximately $385,000, which is well below the national median of $420,000. This housing affordability, combined with Montana property tax rate of 0.64%, creates a favorable environment for homeownership compared to many other states. The housing market varies significantly between metropolitan areas, with prices in the largest cities running substantially higher than in smaller communities and rural areas.

Within Montana, housing costs are highest in metropolitan areas with the strongest job markets and highest concentrations of high-paying employers. The Billings metro area typically commands the highest home prices and rents, driven by demand from workers in industries like Agriculture, Tourism, Mining/Energy. The state's cost of living is 4% Below Average, which directly impacts the real purchasing power of wages earned by workers throughout the state.. Conversely, smaller metro areas and rural counties offer dramatically more affordable housing, with home prices often 40-60% below those in the most expensive areas of the state.

The rental market in Montana is similarly varied, with average two-bedroom apartment rents ranging from approximately $900 in smaller metro areas to $2,000 or more in the largest cities. For renters, the combination of rental costs and local wage levels determines overall housing affordability. Many Montana residents find that the lower cost of housing allows them to allocate more of their income to savings, debt repayment, and discretionary spending than would be possible in higher-cost states. This housing advantage is one of Montana most compelling attributes for workers evaluating relocation decisions.